atomic radii
Atomic radii may be defined as the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electronic level of the atom. Since electrons are considered as the negatively charged electronic cloud there is no well defined boundary for an atom.The diffused nature of the electron cloud makes it difficult to give exact definition of atomic size or atomic radii.
Introduction: Atomic radii
Thus the atomic radii is an arbitrary concept and is influenced by the nature of neighbouring atoms.
Types of atomic radii
As there is no exact definition for the atomic radius, a number of radii have been defined for an atom. They are Covalent radius, Crystal radius (otherwise called as metallic radius) Vander Waal radius (otherwise called Collision radius). Let us learn one by one.
Covalent radius
Covalent Radius:
Covalent radius is used to measure the atomic radii of non- metals. The atomic radius of a non- metal is calculated from the covalent bond length. In case of homonuclear diatomic molecules ( type AA) , like F2, Cl2,Br2 ....etc half of the covalent bond length is taken as atomic radius. For example the value of Cl - Cl bond idstance is 1.atomic radiiHeteronuclear diatomic molecule
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